This would require the highest levels of guarding against intentional access to hazardous voltages. B. Metallo, Smart Grid. In addition, adversaries often have the potential to initiate attacks from nearly any location in the world. Figure 2 shows the percentage of terrorist attacks aimed at each of the major grid components. !function(e,a,t){var n,r,o,i=a.createElement("canvas"),p=i.getContext&&i.getContext("2d");function s(e,t){var a=String.fromCharCode,e=(p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,e),0,0),i.toDataURL());return p.clearRect(0,0,i.width,i.height),p.fillText(a.apply(this,t),0,0),e===i.toDataURL()}function c(e){var t=a.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=t.type="text/javascript",a.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(t)}for(o=Array("flag","emoji"),t.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},r=0;r */ Without a doubt, the expectation from the power generation and transmission industry is realization of efficiencies. } }; padding: 0 !important; To help prevent this vulnerability, ensure the presence of battery backup coverage for all devices in your security system. } window.cookieconsent.initialise(json) He is an iNARTE Certified Product Safety Engineer. This may mean putting telecommunication protectorsprimary (voltage) or secondary (power-cross) at each end of a campus-run communication conductor where there exist an exposure to lightning or to accidental contact with electric power conductors. var f = arguments[len - 1]; The Smart Power Flow Control (SPFC) strategy driven with ICT using PMUs signals can be a new generation control strategies. Fully integrated battery. A complex set of interconnected webs (source: EPRI, 2002present). Investment in a smart grid would nearly pay for itself by reducing stupendous outage costs, a savings of US$49 billion per year, and improving energy efficiency, a savings of US$20.4 billion per year. Copyright 2023, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. By
Energy Security, June 2009. The smart grid unlocks greener models. Participants will examine the practical aspects of the technologies, design and implementation, smart grid applications and sensing; demand side management, smart grid economics, microgrids and distributed energy resources, and fault location and service restoration (FLSIR). Secure and reliable operation of the electric system is fundamental to national and international economic systems, security, and quality of life. for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { 'eventAction': arguments[3], } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. Emerging standards fall well short of achieving this ultimate goal. Some of these components are vulnerable to saboteurs with explosives or just high-powered rifles. The report also documented the potential costs of widespread outages, estimating them to be in the range of US$1 to US$5 per kWh of disrupted service, depending on the length of the outage, the types of customers affected, and a variety of other factors. With increased benefit, however, has come increased risk. Anthony M. Giacomoni is with the University of Minnesota. if (parameters.send_to) { 'eventCategory': arguments[2], Automotive More specifically, the operation of a modern power system depends on complex systems of sensors and automated and manual controls, all of which are tied together through communication systems. Links between the power grid and telecommunications systems as well as between electrical power lines and oil, water, and gas pipelines continue to be the lynchpins of energy supply networks. Indeed, they have provided much of the high standard of living that the more developed countries enjoy. We could reasonably expect to see some form of communication interfaces and information technology in some appliances that traditionally would never have had such interfaces (washer/dryers, refrigerators, etc.). Information technology equipment, on the other hand, is generally utilized in Overvoltage Category II environments, or connected to outlets on branch circuits a safe distance away from the service equipment. var em_no_track_reason = ''; })(); 'eventAction': 'event_action', According to IEC 62368-1, Annex I (also IEC 60950-1, Annex Z), electricity meters and communications ITE for remote electricity metering are considered to be examples of Overvoltage Category IV equipment, or equipment that will be connected to the point where the mains supply enters the building. width: 1em !important; !window.jQuery && document.write('
